Small PLTS Off Grid 240 WP on Residential House Rooftop
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70822/evrmata.v1i03.56Keywords:
BEP, Electric power, Off grid, Residential rooftop, Small PLTS Design, Solar panelAbstract
Small PLTS on residential rooftops are now being widely applied. It can contribute to using alternative energy to support government programs to save electricity costs. It can also be used as backup electricity when PLN power outage. The purpose of this research is to be able to calculate the use of electric power in residential homes, design and make small PLTS off grid 240 WP from the use of electric power, calculate BEP when the payback time of the total investment in the procurement of small PLTS 240 WP with DC and AC systems. 240 WP power on the rooftop of a residential house is carried out for a load of 8 lights AC with 6 watts and one fan. This research showed that the total daily electric power usage was 0.55 kWh/day or 16.5 kWh/month. The design of 240 WP PLTS on the rooftop of a residential house according to the total household electricity needs of 550 watts/day requires core equipment such as two solar panels (120 WP), one battery (12 V 100 Ah), Inverter (12 V to 220 V) = 1000 Watt or 1 kWh as much as one piece, SCC = 20 A as much as one piece. The results of making 240 WP PLTS on the rooftop of a residential house accorded to the total electrical power needs of the household. Break Even Point on this application of 240WP solar power PLTS on residential rooftops with 1300 V power will return capital in 19.5 years. Where the total investment cost of procuring 240 WP PLTS is Rp. 5,558,000, and the cost of electricity per month from the above load is Rp. 23,850 / month or Rp. 286,200 / year.
References
V. K. Mololoth, S. Saguna, and C. Åhlund, “Blockchain and Machine Learning for Future Smart Grids: A Review,” 2023. doi: 10.3390/en16010528.
J. Huang, J. Zeng, K. Zhu, R. Zhang, and J. Liu, “High-Performance Aqueous Zinc–Manganese Battery with Reversible Mn2+/Mn4+ Double Redox Achieved by Carbon Coated MnOx Nanoparticles,” Nanomicro Lett, vol. 12, no. 1, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s40820-020-00445-x.
Naizatul Zainul Rofiqi, M. Cahyo Bagaskoro, Sujito, Langlang Gumilar, and A. Aripriharta, “Long-term Electricity Power Forecasting at PT PLN UP3 Kediri Using Trend and Monte Carlo Simulation Methods,” Jurnal E-Komtek (Elektro-Komputer-Teknik), vol. 7, no. 1, 2023, doi: 10.37339/e-komtek.v7i1.1131.
S. Ayasyifa, “Determinants of Electricity Consumption in Indonesia,” Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Terapan, vol. 7, no. 1, 2022, doi: 10.20473/jiet.v7i1.30777.
H. A. Thar, A. Z. Ya, Y. Y. Win, A. M. K. Phyu, K. K. Myint, and M. T. W. Sein, “Design and simulation of grid-connected photovoltaic-diesel hybrid system,” in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2020. doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/463/1/012148.
M. M. Islam, M. Irfan, M. Shahbaz, and X. V. Vo, “Renewable and non-renewable energy consumption in Bangladesh: The relative influencing profiles of economic factors, urbanization, physical infrastructure and institutional quality,” Renew Energy, vol. 184, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2021.12.020.
V. K. Sharma et al., “Imperative Role of Photovoltaic and Concentrating Solar Power Technologies towards Renewable Energy Generation,” 2022. doi: 10.1155/2022/3852484.
J. Pastuszak and P. Węgierek, “Photovoltaic Cell Generations and Current Research Directions for Their Development,” 2022. doi: 10.3390/ma15165542.
R. O. Pratama, M. Effendy, and Z. Zulfatman, “Optimization of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Using P&O-Fuzzy and IC-Fuzzy Algorithms on Photovoltaic,” Kinetik: Game Technology, Information System, Computer Network, Computing, Electronics, and Control, 2018, doi: 10.22219/kinetik.v3i2.200.
B. Adebanji, O. Atoki, T. Fasina, O. Adetan, and A. Abe, “Comparative study of off-grid and grid-connected hybrid power system: issues, future prospects and policy framework,” Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, vol. 22, no. 2, 2021, doi: 10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i2.pp752-759.
I. Ebi, Z. Othman, and S. I. Sulaiman, “Optimal design of grid-connected photovoltaic system using grey wolf optimization,” Energy Reports, vol. 8, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2022.06.083.
V. Karthikeyan, S. Rajasekar, V. Das, P. Karuppanan, and A. K. Singh, “Grid-connected and off-grid solar photovoltaic system,” Green Energy and Technology, vol. 0, no. 9783319501963, 2017, doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-50197-0_5.
B. Dhiman, T. Kumar, G. Rituraj, K. Bhalla, and D. Chakrabarti, “Study of small scale photovoltaic applications in rural Indian household context,” in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2019. doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1343/1/012095.
Q. Hassan, “Evaluation and optimization of off-grid and on-grid photovoltaic power system for typical household electrification,” Renew Energy, vol. 164, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.09.008.
M. K. Najjar, E. L. Qualharini, A. W. A. Hammad, D. Boer, and A. Haddad, “Framework for a systematic parametric analysis to maximize energy output of PV modules using an experimental design,” Sustainability (Switzerland), vol. 11, no. 10, 2019, doi: 10.3390/su11102992.
U. Rahardja et al., “The Use of Hybrid Solar Energy to Supply Electricity to Remote Areas: Advantages and Limitations,” Mathematical Modelling of Engineering Problems, vol. 10, no. 2, 2023, doi: 10.18280/mmep.100245.
W. Zhang, F. Huang, K. Mao, C. Lin, and Z. Pan, “Evaluation of photovoltaic energy saving potential and investment value of urban buildings in china based on gis technology,” Buildings, vol. 11, no. 12, 2021, doi: 10.3390/buildings11120649.
J. M. Gernand, “The occupational safety implications of the California residential rooftop solar photovoltaic systems mandate,” J Safety Res, vol. 82, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2022.05.005.
M. Dada and P. Popoola, “Recent advances in solar photovoltaic materials and systems for energy storage applications: a review,” 2023. doi: 10.1186/s43088-023-00405-5.
M. A.A. Hammoud and R. M. Hannun, “Calculation of the Total Solar Radiation for City of Nasiriyah per Month during the Year,” University of Thi-Qar Journal for Engineering Sciences, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 82–89, Jun. 2022, doi: 10.31663/tqujes.12.1.414(2022).
D. F. Silalahi, A. Blakers, M. Stocks, B. Lu, C. Cheng, and L. Hayes, “Indonesia’s vast solar energy potential,” Energies (Basel), vol. 14, no. 17, 2021, doi: 10.3390/en14175424.
H. S. Majdi, A. Younis, A. R. Abdullah, M. Elmnifi, and L. J. Habeeb, “A Comparative Analysis of the Efficiency of Monocrystalline and Polycrystalline Photovoltaic Modules: CTI-80 and YHM-205-27P,” International Journal of Design and Nature and Ecodynamics, vol. 18, no. 4, 2023, doi: 10.18280/IJDNE.180403.
Solar Magazine, “Monocrystalline vs Polycrystalline Solar Panels,” Solar Magazine, 2020.
X. Wen et al., “Vapor transport deposition of antimony selenide thin film solar cells with 7.6% efficiency,” Nat Commun, vol. 9, no. 1, 2018, doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04634-6.
A. Pani, S. S. Shirkole, and A. S. Mujumdar, “Importance of renewable energy in the fight against global climate change,” 2022. doi: 10.1080/07373937.2022.2119324.
M. T. Kibria, A. Ahammed, S. M. Sony, and F. Hossain, “A Review : Comparative studies on different generation solar cells technology,” International Conference on Environmental Aspects of Bangladesh, 2014.
M. Petrović-Ranđelović, N. Kocić, and B. Stojanović-Ranđelović, “The importance of renewable energy sources for sustainable development,” Economics of Sustainable Development, vol. 4, no. 2, 2020, doi: 10.5937/esd2002016p.
S. Abul Kashem, E. H. Muhammad, M. Tabassum, M. E. Molla, A. Azad, and A. Jubaer, “Feasibility study of solar power system in residential area,” International Journal of Innovation in Computational Science and Engineering, vol. 1, no. 1, 2020.
A. Anil Yamin Fajrus Sodiq, R. Rakhmawati, and Y. Chusna Arif, “Optimizing the Use of MPPT in PLTS for Hybrid Systems by Using STS as a Transfer Switch,” JEEMECS (Journal of Electrical Engineering, Mechatronic and Computer Science), vol. 4, no. 2, 2021, doi: 10.26905/jeemecs.v4i2.6004.
Azarya NJ Siahaan, “PLTS Design for Big Industry Needs,” Journal of Science Technology (JoSTec), vol. 3, no. 1, 2021, doi: 10.55299/jostec.v3i1.55.
X. Feng, H. B. Gooi, and S. Chen, “Capacity fade-based energy management for lithium-ion batteries used in PV systems,” Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 129, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2015.08.011.
M. Saçli, O. Ayan, M. Silsüpür, and B. Emre Türkay, “Power quality comparison of single-phase and three-phase inverter topologies for renewable energy systems,” International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy, vol. 8, no. 2, 2019, doi: 10.12720/sgce.8.2.174-183.
